CAPITAL IN A French armored got underway today Cop21, the climate conference of the United Nations. For the 150 world leaders gathered in Paris this is the last call to save the planet. A summit outsized for a huge challenge whose first goal is to sign a historic agreement that limits global warming to avoid an irreversible environmental catastrophe. On the eve of the event was marked by clashes between police and protesters that led to the detention of 208 people.
environment versus development. From the early intervention of the day today have now outlined two conflicting positions On the one hand the rich Western countries that are mea culpa , repent for having polluted too far, they are ready to make up and are pushing for a clear agreement and binding. On the other hand, states in the developing world, the so-called ‘emerging giants’ like India and China, conversely, holding back and claim the use of coal, yet necessary for their economic growth.
France . “We have an obligation to success” and “the stakes are too important to be satisfied with an agreement to the bottom”, said the French Foreign Minister and President of the Conference, Laurent Fabius at the opening work. “On December 11,” the day that will end the Cop21, “the world expects from us four words: the mission is accomplished.” “The agreement” to limit global warming “is not obvious but it is within our reach,” he stressed, promising that the French Presidency “will ensure that all points of view are taken into account”.
In launching conference the secretary general of the United Nations Ban Ki-moon has asked to observe a moment of silence in memory of the victims of the attacks in Paris. Then the word went to French President Francois Hollande that, after thanking “all the signs of support, all the messages, all the gestures of friendship” came after the attacks in Paris, called the Cop21 as “immense hope that we have no right to disappoint. It is a challenge that we must not lose because it is a billion human beings who are watching us.” The global warming, continued the owner the Elysee, “creates conflict, creates more migration of war. We must act in the name of climate justice. What is at stake in this conference is peace because we risk a war for access water. The world has never faced a challenge as great as the one on the future of the planet, of life. This is not enough statements of intent, we are in Paris to a breaking point and departure for a world transformation ” Hollande continued. “We have the opportunity to create a development with renewables, clean transport and biodiversity. We have to build a model based on cooperation, where it is cheaper to conserve than to destroy.”
After French President again he took the word Ban Ki-moon that has defined the climate conference “unique political opportunity that might not come back.” And addressing the audience of heads of state warned: “The world’s future is in your hands, do not allow indecision. You have the power to ensure the well-being of current and next generation,” finding an agreement to stem within two degrees rising temperatures warming caused by emissions. To do that leaders will have to seek “compromise, consensus and, if necessary, also the flexibility”.
Use. One of the first leaders to speak, US President Barack Obama : “I came in person as the representative of the world’s largest economy and second polluter to say that we, the United States, not only recognize our role in having created the problem but we also assume responsibility for doing something about it. We can change the future here and now. “And he added:” We must act now, putting aside the interests of short-term. We are the last generation to be able to save the planet “.
Germany. is a concrete commitment in front of the audience of Cop21 has already taken Merkel “Germany by 2020 will double its public funding for renewable energy.”
Russia. As Vladimir Putin , arrived late at conference, stressed in his speech as the economic performance of Russia is proof that “you can pay attention to economic growth without neglecting the environment. Our country was among the first in the world to reduce energy consumption of the economy in recent years and significantly reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, so as to curb global warming than a year, but at the same time doubled its GDP. “The Paris Agreement, Putin said, must be” effective, balanced and comprehensive “and, as a sort of” ideal extension of the Kyoto Protocol “in 1997, as” binding “. The Russian president then had a closed-door meeting with US President Barack Obama. During the interview lasted thirty minutes the two leaders discussed Syria and Ukraine. The US president, says the White House, he told the Russian President Bashar al-Assad must leave power.
Italy . “We have to get out of the rhetoric that Italy does not do enough,” said the Prime Minister Matteo Renzi during his speech. “Our country has reduced emissions by 23% by 1990, an investment plan for four billion dollars by 2020, our companies are in the front row, Eni Enel. Italy has much to say and do in this area. “The one who is playing in Paris” is a very difficult game, and at lunch there was a moment of confrontation even turned on this. It will not be easy to reach an agreement but it is a fundamental condition. The agreement must be found. “
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India . As mentioned at the beginning, not all countries agree with the need to reduce the use of fossil fuels. As can be seen from the words of the Indian premier Narendra Modi , which has claimed the right to growth for their country, pointing the finger at the rich nations that need to take more responsibility in the fight against climate change. The justice demands that, with the little coal that we lay still burn safely , countries in the developing world can grow, “he reiterated Modi. “The lifestyles of a few should not eliminate the opportunities of the many still in the early stages of the development ladder.”
China . The location is shared with the first ‘polluter’ world, China, whose president Xi Jinping confirmed the commitment of Beijing to peak emissions by 2030. However, he also stressed, in based on the so-called principle of ‘responsibility’ differentiated, that the fight against climate change “should not deny the legitimate needs of developing countries to reduce poverty and improve the living standards of its population”.
Zimbabwe. In his speech at the summit, the president of Zimbabwe, Robert Mugabe , has pointed the finger at the rich Western countries “stingy” and “immoderate”. “It is illogical that the rich countries do not only prove to be stingy in providing the poor with the means to combat global warming, but that they are even immoderate in wanting to burden us with the task of tidying up the mess that they themselves have combined. We Africans “Mugabe warned,” we can not and do not want to take care of other obligations, otherwise it would undermine our aspirations to development, and in particular our efforts to eradicate poverty. “
In the morning on the site Le Bourget, north of Paris, turned into a kind of fortress after the attacks of 13 November, Hollande and Ban Ki-moon had welcomed Barack Obama, Xi Jinping, Narendra Modi and dozens of other heads of state. Also present was the prime minister of Israel, Benjamin Netanyahu, who arrived in a car with no distinguishing marks that would indicate the country of origin (name and flag on the windshield, they were instead of all the other official cars) and surrounded by an escort several other cars.
The objective Cop21 of . The agreement that the international community is called upon to define aims to limit global warming to 2 degrees above pre-industrial. The scientific community is now unanimous on the fact that beyond this earth would be in a climate chaos by catastrophic implications. In view of the conference of 183 countries on 195 offered commitments to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases. These commitments, which in itself represents a significant step forward, however, would lead to a warming of close to 3 degrees, then insufficient. The summit aims therefore to outline for the next decades of the mechanisms of upward revision of the agreement.
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