Thursday, June 30, 2016

Apple, the patent to block the iPhone camera at concerts and in sensitive places – The Messenger

Perhaps in the future the iPhone camera will lock automatically when taking the device in a movie theater, a concert or in “sensitive places” such as stations or airports. Apple, as reported by 9to5Mac website, has patented a technology to prevent the “iPhone by” to take pictures or to film in certain places, such as in cases where it may infringe the copyright or the privacy of individuals. A practice that annoys other artists is precisely that of the video shoot at concerts. Adele, the Arena of Verona, telling a fan that the filming: “I am here in real life – told from the stage – you can enjoy everything live rather than through the camera.”

While Prince asked YouTube the cancellation of fan videos. The Apple patent is dated 2011, but was published only a few days ago. With the technology described in the device’s camera would be able to recognize and interpret a special infrared signal can disable some functions – such as the camera – in particular places. Not only concerts but also movies or airports. The reverberation of this technology at the time, seems more immediate in the music industry: in addition to photos is primarily the growing phenomenon of the videos that are put instantly on social, live, thanks to streaming Facebook Live and Periscope. The Apple patent, however, can also be used in another way: for example, in a museum, the infrared signal could serve as input for the iPhone notifications on findings or information on the work that the visitor is admiring or is about to be photographed.

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In the past liquid water on Ceres, the discovery is made in Italy – diregiovani

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June 30, 2016

Ceres was discovered on 1 January 1801 by the Italian astronomer Giuseppe Piazzi. Piazzi named it Ceres Ferdinandea in honor of the Roman goddess Ceres and Ferdinand IV of Bourbon.

Ceres and the discovery Piazzi

 Giuseppe_Piazzi Results of the new star discovery observations on the first day of January Observatory Palermo Reale – Palermo 1801.

Already for nine years I travailing to verify the positions of the stars that are collected will ‘various catalogs of the astronomers, on the evening of January 1 of the current year, among many other sought I 87.a of the Catalogue of the zodiacal stars Abbot La Caille.

I saw, therefore, that it was preceded by another, which according to custom, I wanted to still be observed, all the more so, that did not prevent the main observation. Piazzi_Cerere

his light was a little weak, and the color of Jupiter, but similar to many others, which generally are placed eighth school compared to their size. I was born so no doubt about her nature.

The evening of the two replied my observations, and having found that did not match neither the time nor the distance from the zenith, I doubted at first to some error the previous observation: I conceived following a slight suspicion that perhaps could be a new star.

the three night my suspicion became a certainty, Having ensured that it was not a fixed star. Nothing less, come to talk about it waited on the evening of 4, when I had the satisfaction of seeing, which had moved with the same law that had held in the previous days …

( from the diary of Giuseppe Piazzi )


Ceres is the largest object among those who inhabit the asteroid belt. The questions that scientists try to answer are related to the amount of water that mainly make and, if once the dwarf planet was habitable.

It was March 6, 2015, when the probe of the NASA Dawn entered the orbit of Ceres , the dwarf planet located between Mars and Jupiter. Since then the probe has collected a huge amount of images and data that allow us to know more about this planet until now unexplored.

MEDIA INAF / ASI – the brightest area of ​​the dwarf planet Ceres, located inside the crater Occator, has the highest concentration of carbonates ever recorded in environments outside than the Earth. The type and abundance of these minerals suggests that there has been the presence of liquid water below the surface of Ceres in recent geological time.

The discovery was obtained from a team of researchers coordinated by researcher INAF Maria Cristina De Sanctis thanks to the Italian spectrometer observations VIR on board the mission Dawn NASA , provided by the Italian Space Agency (ASI) under the scientific guidance of the Institute of Astrophysics.

acqua_liquida_su_Cerere_VIR_Occator

perspective view of the crater Occator of Ceres data acquired from VIR spectrometer with overlapping. In red areas with greater abundance of carbonates, in gray those with lower concentrations. Credit: INAF / ASI / NASA / DLR / MPS. Images created by A.Frigeri-IAPS-INAF


Our insights Ceres


liquid water in the past of Ceres?

 Cerere_Maria_Cristina_De_Sanctis this is the first time we see a number so high of this material in other parts of the solar System , “says Maria Cristina De Sanctis, principal investigator VIR and first author of the paper describing the discovery, published in the latest issue of the magazine Nature .

Occator is a young crater from a geological point of view, which was formed about 80 million years ago. With a width of 92 kilometers and a central depression of about 10 kilometers in diameter, the crater in the central area shows a broad peak covered with highly reflective material with both radial and concentric fractures above and around it.

the De Sanctis team found that the most abundant mineral in this area is very bright sodium carbonate, a salt that on Earth is typical of hydrothermal environments. This material would be leaked from inside of Ceres, because it may not have been deposited by the impact of an asteroid.

So the ascent of this material from the deeper layers of the celestial body suggests that temperatures in Ceres are higher than previously thought so far.

it could probably have been an impact with the asteroid that formed the crater Occator to favor the exposure on the surface carbonate observed today, but the researchers think a role in this emergence they have also had internal processes to Ceres itself.

on the long journey of Dawn Italy he has participated in the forefront, with the spectrometer image VIR-MS ( Visible and Infrared Mapping spectrometer ) provided by ASI and developed by Finmeccanica- Selex ES under the scientific guidance of ‘ INAF-IAPS . “VIR is a tool that operates in the visible and infrared, for which Italy has a scientific and industrial leadership internationally recognized.

This type of instrument has been successfully deployed on other missions of exploration of the solar system including Cassini, Rosetta and Venus Express and provided basic data for the study of observed celestial bodies and for understanding their origin. ” [ Barbara Negri - Head of the Italian Space Agency Universe Observation]

The survey results the hypothesis that under the surface of Ceres may have existed liquid water in recent geological epochs. The salts may be the remains of an ancient ocean, or water accumulation climbed back to the surface and then solidified millions of years ago.


 liquid water on Ceres Haulani


surveys on Water and discoveries of Ceres

the minerals that we have identified in the bright central region of the crater Occator must necessarily have been formed by the interaction with water “, adds De Sanctis. “ The presence of carbonates reinforces the idea that Ceres had internal hydrothermal activity, which pushed these materials to the surface, within Occator .

last year, in another work always presented on Nature , the De Sanctis led team found that the surface of Ceres contains clays containing ammonia. As ammonia is a substance rather abundant in the outer solar system, this result suggested the idea that Ceres may have formed in the vicinity of the orbit of Neptune and later migrated to the inner areas of our planetary system.

another scenario suggests that the celestial body was formed in the area where he is today, but with material from the outer solar system.

the new surveys conducted within the Occator crater indicate the presence in those regions also ammonia salts in the form of ammonium chloride and bicarbonate ammonium. The discovery of compounds latter further strengthens the link between Ceres and the icy worlds of the solar system to present boundaries.

liquid water on Ceres Haulani Oxo

the ammonia, along with sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate is also in fact been found in plumes that stand out from Enceladus, one of Saturn’s icy moon known for its geysers that erupt from cracks in its surface.

The next step will also study other bright spots on the surface of Ceres, to see if they also contain these carbonates ” concludes De Sanctis.


 liquid water on Ceres

Ceres


to underline the importance of the Italian Space Agency’s role ” – highlights Raffaele Mugnuolo , responsible for program to participation in the Dawn mission – “ in ensuring the Italian participation in the mission through an agreement with NASA and DLR, and then for the realization of the VIS-MS instrument, and full support to the Italian scientific team that put under the right conditions, can achieve excellent results like this .

on the water study of Ceres team

in the team that conducted the study, published online on the website of the journal Nature article Bright carbonate deposits as evidence of aqueous alteration on (1) Ceres was attended, in addition to Maria Cristina De Sanctis, also researchers INAF Andrea Raponi, Eleonora Ammannito (University of California Los Angeles and associated INAF), Mauro Ciarniello, Filippo Giacomo Carrozzo, Federico Tosi, Francesca Zambon, Fabrizio Capaccioni, Maria Theresa Capria, Sergio source, Michelangelo Formisano, Alessandro Frigeri, Marco Garden, Andrea Lombard, Gianfranco Magni, Ernesto Palomba, Simone Marchi (Southwest Research Institute and associated INAF) and Raffaele Mugnuolo (Italian Space Agency)

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Wednesday, June 29, 2016

Dwarf planet Ceres, found the remains of liquid water, a discovery made in Italy – Italian News

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

dwarf planet Ceres, found remains of liquid  water, a discovery made in Italy

  
  

According to reports from a team of astrophysicists led by a team of researchers coordinated by a researcher from the INAF Maria Cristina De Sanctis that appears on the dwarf planet Ceres there was water. And this is what emerged from a series of observations made by the Italian EIA spectrometer aboard the NASA Dawn mission provided by the Italian Space under the scientific guidance of the Institute of Astrophysics.

Researchers seems that through this tool we have detected in the brightest area of ​​Ceres or inside the crater Occator the highest concentration of carbonates ever recorded in environments outside of the Earth. “It’s the first time we see such a high amount of this material elsewhere in the Solar System,” says Maria Cristina De Sanctis, principal investigator of VIR and first author of ‘article describing the discovery, published in the latest number of the journal Nature.

to the uninitiated Occator is nothing more than a young crater from a geological point of view formed about 80 million years does ; this has a width of 92 km and a central depression of about 10 km in diameter, and in the central area shows a small block coated with reflective material that exhibits the radial concentric structures above and around it. “The minerals that we identified in the bright central region of Occator crater must necessarily have been formed by interaction with water, “ adds De Sanctis. ” the presence of carbonates reinforces the idea that Ceres had internal hydrothermal activity, which pushed these materials to the surface, within Occator “. the De Sanctis team found that the most abundant mineral in this area is carbonate firm or a salt that on Earth is typical of hydrothermal environments. Yes hypothesized that this material can never be deposited by the impact of an asteroid is simply escaping from the inside of Ceres also the ascent of carbonates suggests for the temperature gender are still higher than previously thought.

Now the survey results have led to the hypothesis that under the surface can generally be present liquid water in the recent geological epochs and the salts may be found in the remains of an ocean or a maximum of some accumulations d ‘edged up water to the surface and then encoded million years ago. “to underline the importance of the Italian Space Agency’s role in ensuring the Italian participation in the mission through an agreement with NASA and DLR, and later for the realization of VIS-MS instrument, and for the full support of the Italian scientific team that put in the right conditions, can achieve excellent results like this, “h added Raffaele Mugnolo, which is the program manager for the participation in the Dawn mission.

BUT WHERE iS CERERE The asteroid has an orbit between Mars and Jupiter and is in that band called main belt asteroid. Its motion of revolution around the Sun lasts more than 4 and a half years and is located at an average distance from Earth of nearly 5 billion kilometers. deposits of ice, salt or volcanic activity? The mystery of the white dots of Ceres, a dwarf planet, until now remained had not yet been revealed, but the high-resolution image developed by NASA about a year ago and taken from about 1,470 kilometers, had provided very interesting details. But even with such a careful definition scientists hannio not been able to give an explanation on the possible nature of these structures.

THE MISSION DAWN The NASA probe had started in September 2007 from Cape Canaveral, in addition to exploration delal area of ​​Cererere has thoroughly studied the asteroid Vesta, around which remained for 14 months between 2011 and 2012. Returning to the discovery of the De Sanctis team, which will be published in Nature, it must be said Cheil team found that the material analyzed in the crater is sodium carbonate, “a salt that on Earth-we read in dell’Inaf- document is typical of hydrothermal environments. This material would be leaked from inside of Ceres, because it may not have been deposited by the impact of an asteroid. Therefore the ascent of this material from the deeper layers of the celestial body suggests that temperatures in Ceres are higher than previously thought so far. It could conceivably have been an impact with the asteroid that formed the crater Occator to favor exposure to the surface carbonate observed today, but the researchers think a role in this emergence they have also had internal processes to Ceres same. “

wAS dISCOVERED bY aN ITALIAN iN 1801 to discover Ceres was the Italian astronomer Giuseppe Piazzi, exactly 1 January 1801. “I had announced this star as a comet -scriveva Piazzi in her diary more than 200 years ago – but because it is not accompanied by any nebulosity, and also its movement is so slow and rather uniform, came to my mind several times that it might be something better than a comet. “


 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

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The cement has eaten half of the Italian coast – LifeGate

The cement has eaten half of the Italian coasts | LifeGate



There are positive numbers those in the last report by Legambiente “Environment Italy 2016″ and published by Edizioni Ambiente. Indeed the recorded data continue to grow in the negative: Italian shores are anything but safe , even in the face of climate change now underway.
 
 

 a case of illegal building in Sicily.

A case of illegal building in Sicily.

 
 According to the report in fact the 51 percent of the Italian coast has already been transformed by the cement. 6477 km of coastline ranging from Ventimiglia to Trieste, including major islands, occupied irreversibly from industries, ports, infrastructure , urban centers. Then there is the uncontrolled spread of small villas on the coast, which alone account for 25 percent of the entire Italian coastline. Sicily, Calabria and Puglia hold the record for density, while the Sardinia to be the most virtuous, the least urbanized of Italy.
 
 
 
 “The Italian Environment Report presents a snapshot of these impacts with truly disturbing data and studies demonstrating that it is possible to reverse this situation through a change of,” he explains policies Edward Zanchini , vice president of Legambiente and curator along with Sebastiano Venneri and Giorgio Zampetti volume in a press release. “Just the challenge that climate change poses to coastal areas of the Mediterranean , with significant impacts on ecosystems, coastline and urban areas, it should lead to a new and more incisive vision of the interventions. Necessary to strengthen the resilience of the territories to climate change and push towards the upgrading and enhancement of widespread coastal heritage “.
 
 

 Italian coasts

A storm that has eroded much of the beach.

 
 The urban sprawl, that prohibited since 1988 by Galasso law providing to protect the areas within 300 meters from the coast, has instead grown at a dizzying rate: 8 km the year covered by concrete, 25 meters a day.
 
 But that’s not the biggest problem: coastal erosion and bad purification of water are two of the causes that put more at risk the health of the seas and coastlines. Even today, despite two convictions of the European Commission, a quarter of all Italian citizens do not have access to adequate wastewater treatment service.
 
 And then there is the third already eroding beaches , as explained by the contribution of Enzo Pranzini. And, while intensified extreme events, it seems increasingly difficult to counter this. Are inadequate interventions put in place to date: often artificial reefs in fact, do not allow water exchange and sedimentation, increasing the problem rather than solve it. “For the future of the coastal areas we have the opportunity to inspire and choose a model that has already proven successful. That of protected areas and territories that have chosen to focus on a qualitative development and are seeing positive results in terms of tourism growth. As the system of 32 national protected areas, which are a virtuous example of coastal areas management to be proud of, “says Rossella Muroni, national president of Legambiente. “To give a boost to this perspective, however, it is necessary that there are clear rules, without forgetting that our country must also move the bulldozers to demolish thousands of illegal houses that disfigure our shores and start upgrading operations in areas that will, in this way, to have a future tourist off from decay. ”

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The asteroid Ceres was no water, a discovery made in Italy – The Messenger


Those mysterious points of light on the surface of the asteroid Ceres may have found an answer.
“The minerals that we have identified in the bright central region of Occator crater must necessarily have been formed by the interaction with water. The presence of carbonates reinforces the idea that Ceres had internal hydrothermal activity, which pushed these materials up to the surface. “
So on the surface of that distant asteroid once had liquid water.
Few words to a huge discovery.
And this time the Italian researchers have distinguished themselves.

tHE ITALIAN TEAM
Maria Cristina De Sanctis INAF is radiant, it was precisely her, the coordinator of a team of researchers, to announce the discovery obtained thanks to the Italian spectrometer observations VIR located aboard NASA’s Dawn probe, one Italian Space agency instrument.

According to the study , the brightest area of ​​the dwarf planet, located within the Occator crater, which has long been shrouded in dark mystery, has the highest concentration of carbonates ever recorded in environments outside of the Earth. “The type and abundance of these minerals -has yet said De Sanctis- suggests that there has been the presence of liquid water below the surface of the planetoid in recent geological time.”

BUT WHERE FIND CERERE

 The asteroid has an orbit between Mars and Jupiter and is in that band called main belt asteroid. Its motion of revolution around the Sun lasts more than 4 and a half years and is located at an average distance from Earth of nearly 5 billion kilometers. deposits of ice, salt or volcanic activity? The mystery of the white dots of Ceres, a dwarf planet, until now remained had not yet been revealed, but the high-resolution image developed by NASA about a year ago and taken from about 1,470 kilometers, had provided very interesting details. But even with such a careful definition scientists hannio not been able to give an explanation on the possible nature of these structures.

THE MISSION DAWN

 The probe NASA had started in September 2007 from Cape Canaveral, in addition to the exploration area of ​​delal Cererere has thoroughly studied the asteroid Vesta, around which remained for 14 months between 2011 and 2012. Returning to the discovery of De Sanctis team, which will be published in Nature, it must be said Cheil team found that the material analyzed in the crater is sodium carbonate, “a salt that on Earth-we read in dell’Inaf- document is typical of hydrothermal environments. This material would be leaked from inside of Ceres, because it may not have been deposited by the impact of an asteroid. Therefore the ascent of this material from the deeper layers of the celestial body suggests that temperatures in Ceres are higher than previously thought so far. It could conceivably have been an impact with the asteroid that formed the crater Occator to favor exposure to the surface carbonate observed today, but the researchers think a role in this emergence they have also had internal processes to Ceres same. “

WAS dISCOVERED BY AN ITALIAN IN 1801

 To discover Ceres was the Italian astronomer Giuseppe Piazzi, exactly 1 January 1801. “I had announced this star as a comet -scriveva Piazzi in her diary more than 200 years ago- but since it is not accompanied by any nebulosity, and also its movement is so slow and rather uniform, came to my mind several times that it might be something better than a comet. “

enzo.vitale@ilmessaggero.it
 
             

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Mom, I have narrowed the coasts – greenMe.it

coastal areas in Italy. The Italian coasts not only have to contend with climate change , but also with mismanagement that is leading them to slowly decay. The Concrete in abundance, joined to ‘ coastal erosion , the bad purification and trash from the sea and beaches, are the main virus to our shores.

  
 

According to Environment Report 2016 Italian Legambiente, today 51% of the Italian coasts was literally changed by the construction of houses and buildings , and in recent decades at the rate of eight kilometers per year, while a third of the beaches is affected by erosion currently expanding. Figures will grow, say by Legambiente, if you do not implement a change of policy.

 

Also READ: FAREWELL ITALIAN COASTS: MISSING 8 KM EACH YEAR UNDER THE CEMENT

 

Infringements and pollution

 

14,542 are the infringements during 2014 including crimes related to the sea and the coast in Italy, 40 per day, 2 per kilometer, which is still higher than in 2013. The marine habitat is constantly put to the test by pollution, with 25% of city wastes even non-purified (40% in some places) and well 1,022 agglomerations of European infringement proceedings. 45% of withdrawals made by Green Schooner in 2015 is polluted result, while plastic continues to colonize beaches and seabed. Only 19% of the coastline (1,235 km) is under the protection constraints.


 

Also READ: PLASTIC AND BUTTS IN PLACE OF SHELLS: ITALIAN BEACHES IN A SEA OF WASTE

 


 

The coasts are an extraordinary heritage of our country – said Edward Zanchini, vice president of Legambiente and curator along with Sebastiano Venneri and Giorgio Zampetti the report – which must free from the pressure of concrete and pollution. The Italian Environment Report presents a snapshot of these impacts with truly disturbing data and studies demonstrating that it is possible to reverse this situation through a change of policy. Precisely the challenge that climate change poses to coastal areas of the Mediterranean, with significant impacts on ecosystems, coastline and urban areas, should lead to a new and more incisive vision of the interventions. Necessary to strengthen the resilience of the territories to climate change and push the widespread redevelopment and enhancement of coastal heritage .


 

 

The Italian coastal areas are so fragile not only for the hydrogeological problems and urbanization, both legal and illegal, in places that are often already at risk collapse, but also for some weather events (storms, floods, flooding … ) that they are being repeated with increasing intensity and frequency.

 

Also READ: TSUNAMI AND EARTHQUAKE FAULT OF DEFORESTATION. THE DISASTERS IN A MAP

 

Coastal Erosion

 

The coastal erosion now interested in a more or less common all Italian regions: more than a third of our beaches is erosion , and it is expected that in the future complicating the situation because of ‘rising sea levels and the intensification of extreme weather events. In many cases, to respond to the emergency room, we intervened with the construction of cliffs belonging to coast but have not allowed the water exchange and the sedimentation of sand, contributing to the Progressive lowering of the seabed and the possible collapse where you try to respond ever more massive and striking structures. In addition, these artificial defenses cause dangerous currents which can cause drowning. It is currently using the technique of the nourishment of coasts that appears to have had greater effectiveness but which has much higher costs.


 

Urbanization

 

Legambiente has analyzed the 6477 kilometers of coast from Ventimiglia to Trieste and the two largest islands, without therefore considering the many smaller islands. What has emerged is that 3291 km have been irreversibly processed, specifically 719.4 kilometers are occupied by industries, ports and infrastructure , 918.3 were colonized from urban centers. Another worrying figure regards the spread of low-density settlements, with villas and cottages, which covers 1653.3 kilometers, equal to 25% of the entire coastline.


 

Also READ: CONSUMPTION OF SOIL: APPROVED BY THE CHAMBER DDL AGAINST CEMENT

 

The great thing is that since 1988, despite the law Galasso that was supposed to protect the areas within 300 meters from the coast, have been transformed from houses and other buildings 220 kilometers of coastline, with an average of 8 km per year, that is 25 meters per day. Among the most devastated regions of Sicily with 65 km, Lazio with 41 and Campania with 29. In coastal areas, according to the Istat, in the decade from 2001 to 2011 it has risen 18 thousand new buildings. 700 per square kilometer buildings both in Sicily and in Puglia, 600 in Calabria but also 232 per square kilometer in Veneto, Friuli Venezia Giulia 308 and 300 in Tuscany, Basilicata and Sardinia.


 
 

Pollution and beach litter

 

Mari and pollution: the delays in treatment still affect too many cities, not only coastal, and it is shameful the situation of many Italian coasts who do run away tourists. The maladepurazione concerns 25% of Italian citizens and the total of offenses detected at the expense of the coastline and sea in 2014 were 14,542, equal to 40 per day, every 2 km of coastline, with 18 thousand people reported and well made 4,777 seizures. The infringements specifically related to pollution were 4,545, 31% of the national total, with 7 thousand reported or arrested and 2,741 kidnappings.


 

What worries most is the amount of marine litter and especially the floating plastic.


 

Also READ: HOW the clothes we wear are poisoning THE SEA

 

Rossella Muroni, national president of Legambiente, suggests for the future of our coasts the model of protected areas , which in other contexts has already proved successful.


 

 

As the system of 32 national protected areas – explains -, which are a positive example of the coastal areas to be proud of Management. Or how municipalities that annually awards Legambiente with five sails, which show that the more far-sighted road is now the one that combines the protection of land with the enhancement and recovery of existing buildings. To give a boost to this perspective, however, it is necessary that there are clear rules, without forgetting that our country must also move the bulldozers to demolish thousands of illegal houses that disfigure our shores and start upgrading operations in areas that will, in this so, have a future tourist off the degradation .

 

 

Also READ: The eco-monsters 5 WORST AND CRIMES THAT ARE KILLING OUR MARI

 
 

But good examples there are: the system for mooring not impacting in the bays from the most delicate seabed in the Egadi, the network of marine businesses of Viareggio park, who have chosen environmental sustainability, with concrete initiatives of tourism that promotes and enhances the local products, or the system of protection of coasts just to mention some examples. And then again: all over the country there are 32 national protected areas with measures to protect the sea, 27 marine protected areas (or marine reserves), 2 submerged marine parks, 2 perimeters at sea in national parks and an international sanctuary for protection of marine mammals.

 

sustainable management you can have. But to stop the speculators and improve sewage systems seems that the road is still very long.


 

Germana Carillo

Watching: Power (202 videos)

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Erosion and waste threats to the Italian coast. Sardinia for now saves: is the least urbanized region – Sardinia Today

Cagliari – Over seven thousand kilometers of coastline with historic, environmental beauties, geomorphological that significantly determine the identity of the beautiful country. Coast in the middle of one of the most sensitive seas of the planet for environmental reasons but also cultural and trade, essential test to climate change, on which weigh the consequences of short-sighted political and historical inefficiencies. This photo Italy from the coast analyzed 360 degrees that emerges in the Report Environment Italy drafted by Legambiente.

Today 51% of the Italian coasts has been transformed from houses and buildings and the digit, without a change of policy, is likely to grow in the last decades at the rate of eight kilometers per year, more than half of coastal landscapes have been transformed by palaces, hotels and villas . A third of the beaches is affected by erosion currently expanding; 14,542 are the offenses detected during 2014 including crimes related to the sea and the coast in Italy, 40 per day, 2 per kilometer, which is still higher than in 2013. The marine habitat is constantly put to the test by pollution, with 25% of city wastes even non-purified (40% in some places) and well 1,022 agglomerations of European infringement proceedings. 45% of withdrawals made by Green Schooner in 2015 is polluted result, while plastic continues to colonize beaches and seabed. Only 19% of the coastline (1,235 km) is under the protection constraints.

On the other hand, he explains Michele Manigrasso talking about land use , in Italy, 51% of the coastline has been transformed by urbanization . Legambiente has made a detailed analysis of the 6477 kilometers of coast from Ventimiglia to Trieste and the two largest islands, so without considering the many smaller islands: 3,291 km have been irreversibly processed, specifically 719.4 kilometers are occupied by industries, ports and infrastructure, 918.3 were colonized from urban centers.

another worrying figure regards the spread of low-density settlements, with villas and cottages, which covers 1653.3 kilometers, equal to 25% the entire coastline. Among the regions, Sicily has the absolute primacy of kilometers of coastline characterized by urbanization less dense but spread (350 km), followed by Calabria and Puglia.

Sardinia is instead the most virtuous region for quantities of natural and agricultural landscapes still intact and still is the least urbanized region of Italy. it ‘really worrying, says the report, to emphasize that since 1988, despite being in force the Galasso law that would had to protect the areas within 300 meters from the coast, they have been transformed from houses and other buildings 220 kilometers of coastline, with an average of 8 km per year, or 25 meters per day. Among the most devastated regions of Sicily with 65 km, Lazio with 41 and Campania with 29. In coastal areas, according to the Istat, in the decade from 2001 to 2011 it has risen 18 thousand new buildings. 700 per square kilometer buildings both in Sicily and in Puglia, 600 in Calabria but also 232 per square kilometer in Veneto, Friuli Venezia Giulia 308 and 300 in Tuscany, Basilicata and Sardinia.

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Tuesday, June 28, 2016

Italy fragile coastlines, devoured by concrete at the rate of 8 km per year – ANSA.it

51% of the Italian coasts has been transformed from cement, buildings, hotels and villas in the last decades, at a rate of eight kilometers per year, 25 meters a day.

Not to mention that a third the beaches fighting against coastal erosion, currently expanding. And ‘This is the snapshot of the more than 7000 kilometers of coastline of our country taken by the new report’ Environment Italian ’2016 Legambiente (Edizioni Ambiente), presented today in Rome at the ANC headquarters, where we report’ ‘ without a change of ” political coastal erosion is ” to grow ”.

the evils of our sea, says the report, are primarily ” concrete, coastal erosion, bad treatment and beach litter ” (marine debris, floating plastic), in addition to the impacts of climate change that make it even ‘the coast’ ‘fragile’. Recent reports speak of more than 14,000 crimes against the sea and damage the Italian coast: 40 per day, 2 per kilometer; with the marine habitat from pollution put to the test, and with 25% of city wastes still not cleaned (with peaks of 40% in some places) and well 1,022 areas in European infringement proceedings, while only 19% of the costs (1235 km) is subject to restrictions of protection.

the analysis of Legambiente, including land use and erosion, considers 6500 km of coastline, from Ventimiglia to Trieste and the two major islands. Of these, 3,300 km have been irreversibly processed (720 km are occupied by industries, ports and infrastructure, 920 colonized by urban centers), and on almost 1700 kilometers there are villas and cottages (25% of the coastline).

The use of land due to changes of its use (for urban and industrial expansion) “is now considered the most important global threat to soil and environmental functions it provides (FAO & amp; ITPS, 2015) “he recalls Cnr noting that” today there seems no significant reversals in global, European and Italian (ISPRA, 2015). and ‘therefore necessary to do more. ” Now there is a new tool available. The research center CRISP (University of Naples Federico II and the National Research Council), with ISPRA data, the know-how of GeoSolutions and the National Institute of Urban Planning collaboration, achieved after three years of work, SOILMONITOR , for the assessment of land use on a national scale.

“It is a web application for decision support in the territories – says the CNR – a tool can to monitor and evaluate the use of land on the entire Italian territory. SOILMONITOR provides, for any area and real-time answers about: the assessment of the change of land use from several years; the dynamics of land use and fragmentation rural areas; a first quantification of environmental functions lost. ” SOILMONITOR can provide a picture of land use processes and the consequent degradation and wants to show that a new approach to planning and management of our territories is possible, says the National Research Council, one open to all tool, you just need an internet connection.

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From terrorism to cyber crime, the Guarantor sounds the alarm for privacy – The Press



 

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28/06/2016

 

 



Copyright © 2016

 



 

28/06/2016

 

 



Copyright © 2016

 

From terrorism to cybercrime, the Guarantor sounds the alarm for privacy

Soro, European regulation shall compass

Watched, profiles, whether connected with the body. In the digital world dominated by the giants of the web, in which proliferate more and more sophisticated systems of analysis of social networks and smart app that anticipate our requests, endlessly multiply the risks to privacy. A “universal right”, never stops repeating the Guarantor, Antonello Soro, the Annual Report to Parliament lit a beacon on a thousand fronts that threaten to reduce our space of freedom: the fight against terrorism and the massive collection of data on crime computer and online profiling, the technology applied to work to eavesdropping, to e-health.

At the height of the cyclone Brexit, Soro Koch opens his reflection in the hall of the Senate with a reference to the new European Regulation on the protection of personal data as “bush in the connected planet” model to propose ‘worldwide ‘, just as you become stronger, “the anachronistic forces to create` barriere’ the free movement of goods and people. ” It then states that the United Kingdom, who shared the new provisions, “will need to refer to that legislation to have relations with Europe and the rest of the world. From this point of view for Europe to bet on the defense of the great values ​​of freedom becomes the form to respond to this difficulty. ”

The analysis of the Guarantor exposes all our vulnerabilities. In the viewfinder’s reaction to the terrorist threat, which “must be effective yet respectful of the rights and fundamental freedoms”, because “not all the limitations of freedom are actually useful in the prevention of terrorism or serious crime.” Ben are thus enhanced investigation techniques, as though to use “in the most useful in terms of prevention and more sustainable under the democratic profile, keeping in mind what is the degree of freedom which can be waived without becoming slaves of terror and without even abdicate all rights in the name of the emergency logic “.

Emergency Physical description has definitely cybercrime, a “real threat”, with a weight on the world economy, “estimated at 500 billion euro per year, slightly below the drug trafficking in the ranking of illegal gains ». In 2015 in Italy cyber crimes have increased by 30%, especially in the business sector, so it is “inexplicable”, warns Soro, the “unresponsiveness” of many companies to “protect their information assets.”

The Guarantor has also for the media, which calls for a “responsibility fee” against the “risk of informative aggressive” and “sensationalism” and pointing his finger again on the disclosure of pleadings and judicial reporting, expressing the hope that “there are reported split of private life whole – of the parties and, above all, the third – no real public importance.” Several times a path indicated by the Authority, including the legislature.

A government and Soro parliament Stresses that inspections of employers “are only eligible if strictly proportionate”, “limited in time and nature, provided by preventive company policy, targeted, not massive and grounded on specific conditions’, retracing most controversial points of the Jobs Act, it reaffirms some critical of the decree transparency and calls for new rules on telemarketing, to deal with the “overwhelming aggression” of the operators.

 

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