So Einstein was right: his theory of relativity after 100 years was confirmed. This was the first statement made at the meeting which was held Thursday afternoon in Washington.
“Gravitational waves were detected for the first time September 14, 2015 by two blacks holes in a binary system.”
It is a completely new approach with the mysteries of the Universe. A discovery that could rewrite some rules that we thought postulates. In the video below a simple explanation of what gravitational waves.
For the first time, therefore, the scientists observed directly gravitational waves: ripples in the “fabric” of spacetime, the field perturbations gravitational, arrive on Earth after being produced by a cataclysmic astrophysical universe occurred deep. This confirms a major prediction of General Relativity by Albert Einstein in 1915, and opens a scenario of unprecedented discoveries about the cosmos.
The discovery was announced by the LIGO and Virgo collaborations during two simultaneous conferences, in the United States in Washington, and in Italy in Cascina (Pisa), the site of EGO, the laboratory in which there is the Virgo interferometer, a project conceived, designed and conducted by INFN and CNRS with the contribution of Nikhef (countries bass), and in collaboration with POLGRAW – Polska Akademia Nauk (Poland) and Wigner Institute (Hungary).
THE FIRST COMMENTS
“This achievement represents a milestone in the history of physics, but even more is the beginning of a new chapter for astrophysics explains Fulvio Ricci, researcher who coordinates the international collaboration VIRGO, and a professor at La Sapienza University Rome- because in the next few years will continue to get other important results from LIGO and Virgo interferometers, which are now organized into a single global network of gravitational wave detectors. ” “To observe the universe through the gravitational waves – continues Ricci – radically changes our ability to study it: until now as if we had looked through x-rays, but now we can do the ultrasound of our universe.”
The ASTROPHYSICAL ENZO BROCATO
“For the event of September 2015, our INAF team, working 24 hours a 24 and is composed of researchers from Naples, Rome, Milan, Urbino, Bologna, Padua, Pisa and Cagliari, was able to respond quickly to ‘ “alert” and start observations at telescopes. We were among the first to turn on the observations from Earth and we monitored about 100 square degrees with the installed VST telescope at ESO’s Paranal Observatory, in the Chilean Andes. Our first analysis – continues Brocato – seem to confirm the difficulty, predicted by theory, to identify the electromagnetic band of coalescence events of two blacks holes. As we knew, discovering an electromagnetic counterpart astrophysical gravitational wave is a complex search, but this is what drives us to do better! “
THE PRESIDENT ASI BATTISTON
“After more than fifty years of research, the direct detection of gravitational waves will allow us to open a new chapter of astrophysics, based on a new observational technique never used before,” says Roberto Battiston, president of the Italian Space Agency. “In this context, the space experiments will play a decisive role by helping to locate the gravitational sources by means of light signals (X-rays and gamma rays) is realizing interferometers such as those made on the ground but millions of times larger and sensitive places in space , instruments the experiment Lisa Pathfinder recently put into orbit with the latest launch of Vega is the precursor. “
BACK iN 1916
Albert Einstein had foreseen in his famous theory of general relativity. It is ripples of spacetime, ripples that propagate as if they were real waves. According to those who continuiano to define “rumors”, researchers would picked up the signals of the merger of two blacks holes 29 and 36 solar masses. Once fused with one another, the two blacks holes would have generated an object even more the monstrous size of 62 solar masses, in turn, would generate the signals that scientists around the world waiting for years, namely the much sought gravitational waves. from a practical point of view, without going into detail, it is a disturbance that propagates in space-time and modifies the structure. Think of a sea wave that comes and then propagates. this will change the wave is the pressure that the density.
WHAT ‘LIGO
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It is a gigantic object formed by two optical instruments. When it was realized, in 2002, it costs about 365 million dollars. E ‘it divided into two sections located in Alabama and the state of Washington. Through this expensive structure scientists are trying for years to capture an infinitesimal perturbation of the space actually caused by the passage of a gravitational wave.
ITALIAN RESEARCH AT THE TOP
After 1988 also our country has worked hard in this difficult search. Among the Roman group that since 2003 the industry leader through Explorer cryogenic detectors (CERN) and Nautilus (laboratories in Frascati), addressed the research prior to any operation of Ligo in the United States. The pioneers in Italy were Pizzella Guido and Edoardo Amaldi University of Rome. The Italian study was presented to Thuile in 1988, the study obtained after the discovery of a supernova. But it must be said that the search for gravitational waves, or rather experiments, began in Rome in September 1970. At the head of the Italian team was just Guido Pizzella who had proposed the study to Edoardo Amaldi.
IN ITALY’S ‘VIRGO
In our country, in Tuscany, in Cascina near Pisa, since 2003 it is in operation Virgo. And ‘one utilizzzato tool to reveal gravitational waves. It has long arms 3 km and is located exactly in Santo Stefano di Macerata. The “” interferometer tube is 3 km long and was built in the framework of a Franco-Italian collaboration. Today, this collaboration involves 19 laboratories with more than 250 scientists in France, Italy and even the Netherlands, Poland and Hungary.
WHAT GAVE RISE TO RUMORS
The fatal date is September 25 when the cosmologist Lawrence Krauss you miss some considerations on the alleged discovery of a corresponding signal to gravitational waves, an event happened after the reopening of the largest land osservatotorio for the study of gravitational waves, LIGO precisely ” tHERE are, LIGO would reveal an interesting signal. “
NOT ONLY HOLES BLACKS
According to the latest studies to generate gravitational waves would not only be the merger between two blacks holes. According to the physical sources may be binary star systems composed of white dwarfs, neutron stars and blacks holes. In the video below the simulation of two neutron stars orbiting around each other that produce gravitational waves.
Thursday, February 11, 2016, 15:37 – Last Updated: 18:31
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