Have you ever thought that the Sun, the most beautiful and immense star of our solar system could turn pale before the grandeur of the universe? When size does matter! and behold, suddenly, Sun , the star majestic par excellence, become a grain of sand. A huge, immense, megagalattico, unimaginable , the thought is out of my head. What are we talking about? Of a black hole, even the blacks holes, gender dimensions in the universe can reach only these phenomena. Detail and we are not even talking about the biggest ever discovered black hole, but the second! In fact today the black hole more immense and therefore should be assigned to which the record has an absurd mass of 21000000000 Suns discovered in 2011 in the cluster of Coma, earning a place of honor in the Guinness Book of World Records. Now a few days ago it was discovered his brother “minor”, in fact identified a super black hole record at 200 million light years from Earth: its mass exceeds 17000000000 times that of the Sun and its presence is seen as a clear sign of how similar planetary monsters could be much more common than we are used to imagine. Published in the journal Nature the extraordinary discoveries is due to the group led by the University of California at Berkeley. Until now it was believed that blacks holes of this size were “present” only in the heart of the vast galaxies in a decidedly “intense and crowded areas of the universe,” but the new black hole is completely changing this assumption. It is in fact quite “close” in the galaxy NGC 1600 , which is located at the opposite end of the sky than the Coma and storage in a relatively deserted area, noted lead researcher, Chung-Pei but. it was identified as part of the research project Massive, whose goal is to study large galaxies and blacks holes to rebuild their growth process. The question that naturally arises is whether the researchers have found a black hole in a sparsely populated area of the universe can not be the tip of the iceberg. Chung-Pei Ma does not rule out that the “cosmic monsters” may be much more numerous than expected and also scattered in the less populated areas of the universe.
In general relativity, it defines black hole a region of spacetime with a gravitational field so strong and intense that nothing can escape from the inside out, not even light.
Classically, this occurs around an extremely dense celestial body in case which this body is equipped with gravitational attraction so high that the escape velocity from its surface is greater than the speed of light. From a viewpoint relativistic, instead, the dellospaziotempo deformation due to a mass is so dense such that the light undergoes, in a similar situation limit, a gravitational redshift infinity. In other words, the light loses all its energy trying to get out from the black hole. The boundary surface beyond which such phenomena occur is called the event horizon. From this characteristic, it derives the “black” adjective, since a black hole can not emit light. That no particles can escape (even photons), once captured, it is instead the appropriate term “hole.” A celestial body with this property would be, therefore, invisible and its presence could be detected only indirectly, through the effects of the matter that falls into its intense gravitational field. To date, numerous astrophysical observations that can be interpreted (though not uniquely) as indications of the actual existence of blacks holes in the universe, such as active or binary galaxies X. The term “black hole” has been collected is due the physicist John Archibald Wheeler; previously there was talk of “dark star” ( dark star ) or “black star” ( black star ).
Objects whose gravity fields are too strong to allow light to escape have been theorized in the eighteenth century by John Michell and Pierre-Simon Laplace. The first modern solution of general relativity that would characterize a black hole was found by Karl Schwarzschild in 1916, although his performance relative to a region of space from which nothing can escape was published by David Finkelstein in 1958. A long considered a mathematical curiosity, dates back to the 60′s theoretical proof that blacks holes were a generic prediction of general relativity. The subsequent discovery of neutron stars sparked interest in compact objects collapsed on themselves because of their gravitational force as a possible astrophysical reality.
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